Sexual and Reproductive Health for All: 20 Years of The Global Strategy > 자유게시판

Thirty years back, the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), held in Cairo, Egypt, underscored the right of all people to accomplish the greatest standard of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). In 2004, WHO published a reproductive health method - ratified by 191 Member States at the Fifty-seventh World Health Assembly - that enhanced the centrality of SRHR to societies and economies (Resolution WHA57.12). These structures are grounded in gender equality and acknowledge the unvarying value of sexual health in attaining health for all.

WHO researchers dealt with Member States, civil society and communities throughout all regions to operationalize an International Strategy to cover the 5 essential pillars for enhancing SRHR:

- improving antenatal, perinatal, postpartum and newborn care

- providing family preparation services

- removing risky abortion

- fighting sexually transferred infections (STIs).

- promoting sexual health.

Resolution WHA57.12 additional notified SRHR policies and assisting documents in several areas and Member States. For example, Latin America's 2013 Montevideo Consensus and Africa's Maputo Strategy from 2016 (structure upon the original 2006 strategy) both include language and concepts reinforcing and upholding SRHR.

" The global strategy is the foundational policy document that centres WHO's mandate for sexual and reproductive health to date," said Dr Pascale Allotey, Director of the UN Special Programme on Human Reproduction (HRP) and WHO's Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health. "The text stays crucial in contributing to guiding research concerns and working with nations to develop useful resources to guarantee thorough SRHR across the life course."

Significant progress has actually been made over the last twenty years within each of the five pillars, consisting of these examples.

- The Global technique happened as the world was reeling from the HIV and AIDS epidemic. Today, the variety of people getting HIV has fallen by 38% considering that 2010 alone, due in part to the Strategy's focus on getting rid of STIs consisting of HIV.

- Since March 2022, 60% of WHO Member States have actually included the human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) in their routine immunization schedules, significantly advancing efforts to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health risk.

- Prioritizing household preparation services and birth control access led to WHO's Family preparation: a global handbook for suppliers referral guide, which has been disseminated over a million times. Accordingly, the proportion of women using contemporary contraceptive techniques increased from 467 million in 1990 to 874 million in 2022, while a broader variety of contraceptive alternatives is now readily available.


A 2020 study found that there has been an around the world decline in unintended pregnancy. Furthermore, evidence-based medical abortion regimens have actually improved worldwide access to abortion, and over 60 countries have liberalized abortion laws in the previous thirty years in line with proof on the importance of such efforts to make sure the health of women and teen ladies.

Professor Kate Gilmore, co-chair of the Gender and Human Rights Advisory Panel of HRP, credited the Strategy and WHO for helping produce important clinical evidence on SRHR that has actually contributed to a few of these shifts. "A few of the great advances that we've seen - consisting of the way civil society has used up the cause to argue for access to safe and legal abortion - are because of the Strategy and the methodical generation of proof over these past 2 years," she stated.

Despite early gains, however, current years have actually seen signs of stagnancy. From 2000 to 2020, the maternal death rate visited 34% around the world - but a 2023 report discovered that development has mostly stalled considering that. The worrisome pattern was highlighted throughout a current event showcasing worldwide datasets on the advancement of SRHR since ICPD. High maternal mortality rates continue in a few nations and sexual health concerns, such as endometriosis, infertility and sexual erectile dysfunction, are frequently overlooked or normalized.

Dr Allotey and Dr Manjulaa Narasimhan, scientist at WHO and HRP, kept in mind in a current commentary in the WHO Bulletin that the SRHR program remains unfinished and in some instances has actually fallen back due to geopolitical stress, economic recessions, the worldwide food crisis, environment modification, humanitarian crises and COVID-19.

There are emerging chances to catalyse progress - for instance, by boosting human rights-based methods in SRHR and embedding concepts like non-discrimination, including in crisis situations. Improving health systems with a primary health-care technique can boost equity and broaden access to extensive SRHR services. New and alternative service delivery techniques can improve SRHR by broadening access, option and autonomy.

Other future-looking focus areas within SRHR consist of research study on the transformative function of expert system and innovative birth control techniques, further work on enhancing health systems, and the withstanding prioritization of positive pregnancy and childbirth experiences.

At a broader level, Dr Allotey called for an ongoing focus on the fundamental value of SRHR. "Sexual and reproductive health need to never ever be relegated to the margins of health care, but recognized as critical for the general well-being of individuals and the neighborhoods in which they live," she said.